Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/297898327?client_source=feed&format=rss
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Wednesday, April 10, 2013
Advancing secure communications: A better single-photon emitter for quantum cryptography
Advancing secure communications: A better single-photon emitter for quantum cryptography
Wednesday, April 10, 2013In a development that could make the advanced form of secure communications known as quantum cryptography more practical, University of Michigan researchers have demonstrated a simpler, more efficient single-photon emitter that can be made using traditional semiconductor processing techniques.
Single-photon emitters release one particle of light, or photon, at a time, as opposed to devices like lasers that release a stream of them. Single-photon emitters are essential for quantum cryptography, which keeps secrets safe by taking advantage of the so-called observer effect: The very act of an eavesdropper listening in jumbles the message. This is because in the quantum realm, observing a system always changes it.
For quantum cryptography to work, it's necessary to encode the message?which could be a bank password or a piece of military intelligence, for example?just one photon at a time. That way, the sender and the recipient will know whether anyone has tampered with the message.
While the U-M researchers didn't make the first single-photon emitter, they say their new device improves upon the current technology and is much easier to make.
"This thing is very, very simple. It is all based on silicon," said Pallab Bhattacharya, the Charles M. Vest Distinguished University Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and the James R. Mellor Professor of Engineering.
Bhattacharya, who leads this project, is a co-author of a paper on the work published in Nature Communications on April 9.
Bhattacharya's emitter is a single nanowire made of gallium nitride with a very small region of indium gallium nitride that behaves as a quantum dot. A quantum dot is a nanostructure that can generate a bit of information. In the binary code of conventional computers, a bit is a 0 or a 1. A quantum bit can be either or both at the same time.
The semiconducting materials the new emitter is made of are commonly used in LEDs and solar cells. The researchers grew the nanowires on a wafer of silicon. Because their technique is silicon-based, the infrastructure to manufacture the emitters on a larger scale already exists. Silicon is the basis of modern electronics.
"This is a big step in that it produces the pathway to realizing a practical electrically injected single-photon emitter," Bhattacharya said.
Key enablers of the new technology are size and compactness.
"By making the diameter of the nanowire very small and by altering the composition over a very small section of it, a quantum dot is realized," Bhattacharya said. "The quantum dot emits single-photons upon electrical excitation."
The U-M emitter is fueled by electricity, rather than light?another aspect that makes it more practical. And each photon it emits possesses the same degree of linear polarization. Polarization refers to the orientation of the electric field of a beam of light. Most other single-photon emitters release light particles with a random polarization.
"So half might have one polarization and the other half might have the other," Bhattacharya said. "So in cryptic message, if you want to code them, you would only be able to use 50 percent of the photons. With our device, you could use almost all of them."
This device operates at cold temperatures, but the researchers are working on one that operates closer to room temperature.
The paper is titled "Electrically-driven polarized single-photon emission from an InGaN quantum dot in a GaN nanowire." The first author is Saniya Deshpande, a graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science. The work is supported by the National Science Foundation. The device was fabricated at the U-M Lurie Nanofabrication Facility.
###
University of Michigan: http://www.umich.edu/
Thanks to University of Michigan for this article.
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Facebook Apologized to a Mom After Accidentally Banning Her Twice for Posting Breastfeeding Pictures
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Tuesday, April 9, 2013
The Daily Roundup for 04.08.2013
You might say the day is never really done in consumer technology news. Your workday, however, hopefully draws to a close at some point. This is the Daily Roundup on Engadget, a quick peek back at the top headlines for the past 24 hours -- all handpicked by the editors here at the site. Click on through the break, and enjoy.
Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/04/08/the-daily-roundup-for-04-08-2013/
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93% Zero Dark Thirty
All Critics (243) | Top Critics (45) | Fresh (228) | Rotten (17) | DVD (2)
What's striking is the absence of triumphalism -- Bigelow doesn't shy away from showing the victims shot down in cold blood in the compound -- and we come away with the overwhelming sense that this has been a grim, dark episode in our history.
This is an instant classic.
Chastain makes Maya as vivid as a bloodshot eye. Her porcelain skin, delicate features and feminine attire belie the steel within.
No doubt Zero Dark Thirty serves a function by airing America's dirty laundry about detainee and torture programs, but in its wake, there's a crying need for a compassionate Coming Home to counter its brutal Deer Hunter.
While "Zero Dark Thirty" may offer political and moral arguing points aplenty, as well as vicarious thrills,as a film it's simply too much of a passable thing.
From the very first scenes of Zero Dark Thirty, director Kathryn Bigelow demonstrates why she is such a formidable filmmaker, as adept with human emotion as with visceral, pulse-quickening action.
Kathryn Bigelow's Zero Dark Thirty is a grueling masterpiece that captures the hunt for bin Laden with a daunting amount of realism and efficiency.
Slathered in controversy, Kathryn Bigelow's Zero Dark Thirty confidently and forcefully storms onto DVD with an admirable A/V transfer, only hindered by a paltry gathering of extras from Sony.
The direction by Kathryn Bigelow, who won Oscars for Best Film and Best Director in her previous film "The Hurt Locker," is fierce and focused...
Despite what those silly Oscars would have you believe, it was this movie, not Argo, that was the finest of 2012.
Indulges Cheneyian fantasies complete with the bad-movie scene of the prisoner's defiance: "You're just a garbage man in the corporation," shouts the Arab who needs a lesson in manners from the Ph.D. (in torture?) who is racking him.
Bigelow tells the story very well, very efficiently, but doesn't really say much about it, which is ironic given the response to the film in some quarters.
Kathryn Bigelow takes the procedural model and brushes away every unnecessary detail, leaving behind a heavy, blunt object of a film that is also hugely watchable, engrossing and, best of all... highly suspenseful.
Rotten Tomatoes notes that I agree with Tomatometer critics 80 percent of the time, but this is one of those times I have to part ways with them.
Bigelow has directed excellent movies before, but this deserves to be remembered as the film that established her as a master.
You can't deny that what Zero Dark Thirty sets out to do, it does excellently.
An exhilarating and compelling historical document worthy of praise.
Bigelow's latest proves a rewarding piece of filmmaking, one that, in its best moments at least, is as gripping and as troubling as anything the director's ever made.
Bigelow and screenwriter Mark Boal shape history -- those breaks, big and small, that led to the killing of Osama bin Laden -- into one of the finest fact-based thrillers since "All the President's Men."
Purely as cinematic exercise, Zero Dark Thirty is an exhilarating piece of work. But, beyond its for-the-times subject matter, the work does not linger whatsoever.
Zero Dark Thirty is interesting as opposed to enjoyable, intriguing as opposed to entertaining, and certainly less memorable than The Hurt Locker.
It's quite remarkable how Bigelow and Boal managed to take 12 years of information (including a conclusion that everyone knows) and packaged it into a coherent, intimate and intense movie.
We know the ending, yet remain mesmerized by familiar details, filmed with a harrowing sense of urgency. It's as close to being in the White House situation room that night, watching a closed-circuit broadcast, as anyone could expect.
The second half of the film IS the film.
Source: http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/zero_dark_thirty/
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One-two punch could be key in treating blindness
Apr. 9, 2013 ? Researchers have discovered that using two kinds of therapy in tandem may be a knockout combo against inherited disorders that cause blindness. While their study focused on man's best friend, the treatment could help restore vision in people, too.
Published in the journal Molecular Therapy, the study builds on earlier work by Michigan State University veterinary ophthalmologist Andr?s Kom?romy and colleagues. In 2010, they restored day vision in dogs suffering from achromatopsia, an inherited form of total color blindness, by replacing the mutant gene associated with the condition.
While that treatment was effective for most younger dogs, it didn't work for canines older than 1 year. Kom?romy began to wonder if the older dogs' cones -- the photoreceptor cells in the retina that process daylight and color -- might be too worn out.
"Gene therapy only works if the nonfunctional cell that is primarily affected by the disease is not too degenerated," he said. "That's how we came up with the idea for this new study. How about if we selectively destroy the light-sensitive part of the cones and let it grow back before performing gene therapy? Then you'd have a younger, less degenerated cell that may be more responsive to therapy."
So, Kom?romy and colleagues recruited more dogs with achromatopsia between 1 and 3 years old. To test their theory, they again performed gene therapy but first gave some of the dogs a dose of a protein called CNTF, which the central nervous system produces to keep cells healthy. At a high enough dose, its effect on photoreceptors is a bit like pruning flowers: It partially destroys them, but allows for new growth.
"It was a long shot," said Kom?romy, associate professor in MSU's Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences.
But it worked.
"We were just amazed at what we found," he said. "All seven dogs that got the combination treatment responded, regardless of age."
While achromatopsia is quite rare, Kom?romy said it's a good model disease for other disorders affecting the photoreceptors, conditions that constitute a major cause of incurable blindness in dogs and humans. Those disorders affect individuals of both species in much the same way, so the combination treatment's promise isn't just for Fido.
"Based on our results we are proposing a new concept of retinal therapy," he said. "One treatment option alone might not be enough to reverse vision loss, but a combination therapy can maximize therapeutic success."
The research was funded by the National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Foundation Fighting Blindness. Scientists from the University of Pennsylvania, University of Florida and University of Miami also participated in the study.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Michigan State University.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Andr?s M Kom?romy, Jessica S Rowlan, Amanda T Parton Corr, Shelby L Reinstein, Sanford L Boye, Ann E Cooper, Amaliris Gonzalez, Britt Levy, Rong Wen, William W Hauswirth, William A Beltran, Gustavo D Aguirre. Transient Photoreceptor Deconstruction by CNTF Enhances rAAV-Mediated Cone Functional Rescue in Late Stage CNGB3-Achromatopsia. Molecular Therapy, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.50
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/SbNBUtFPX6w/130409110008.htm
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Monday, April 8, 2013
Factories that ran on Korean cooperation go silent
SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? A factory complex that is North Korea's last major economic link with the South was a virtual ghost town Tuesday after Pyongyang suspended its operations and recalled all 53,000 of its workers, cutting off jobs and a source of hard currency in its war of words and provocations against Seoul and Washington.
Only a few hundred South Korean managers remain at the Kaesong industrial complex, which has been run with cheap North Korean labor and South Korean capital and know-how for the past decade. The managers have not been forced to leave the facility just north of the Demilitarized Zone.
One manager said Tuesday that he and his colleagues are subsisting on ramen but planned to stay and watch over the company's equipment as long as their food lasted.
Pyongyang said Monday it would recall all 53,000 North Korean workers from the complex and would decide later whether to shut it down for good. The work stoppage at the biggest employer in the North's third-biggest city shows that Pyongyang is willing to hurt its own shaky economy in order to display its anger with South Korea and the United States.
Pyongyang has unleashed a torrent of threats at Seoul and Washington following U.N. sanctions punishing the North for its third nuclear test, on Feb. 12, and joint military exercises between the U.S. and South Korea that allies call routine but that Pyongyang sees as invasion preparation.
U.S. and South Korean defense officials have said they've seen nothing to indicate that Pyongyang is preparing for a major military action that it would certainly lose. Analysts say North Korea's rhetoric and actions are intended to force new, Pyongyang-friendly policies in South Korea and Washington and to boost domestic loyalty for Kim Jong Un, the country's young, still relatively untested new leader.
The Kaesong complex is the last symbol of inter-Korean rapprochement projects from previous eras of cooperation. Other projects such as reunions of families separated by war and tours to a scenic North Korean mountain became stalled in recent years.
Kim Yang Gon, secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, announced Monday on a visit to Kaesong that operations at the complex would be suspended. He said the facility has been "has been reduced to a theater of confrontation."
Kim said in a statement released by state media that North Korea will now consider whether to close the complex permanently. "How the situation will develop in the days ahead will entirely depend on the attitude" of South Korean authorities, it said. The message did not say what would happen to the more than 400 South Korean managers still at Kaesong.
Some North Koreans who worked overnight shifts at Kaesong were still there Tuesday morning, but South Koreans said those scheduled for day shifts didn't show. A North Korean woman at Kaesong said in a telephone call that she planned to return home now that her night shift was done.
One of the South Koreans who remained at Kaesong on Tuesday said he planned to stay there until food runs out. He said he and four other colleagues had been living on instant noodles.
"We haven't had any rice since last night. I miss rice," he said Tuesday morning. "We are running out of food. We will stay here until we run out of ramen."
In noting the shutdown, the U.S. referred to a Central Committee of the North's ruling Worker's Party statement a little more than a week ago, in which it described the economy as one of the nation's top two priorities. The other is building nuclear weapons.
State Department spokesman Patrick Ventrell said closing the complex "would be regrettable, given that more than 50,000 North Korean people are employed there, and it would not help them achieve their stated desire to improve their economy and better the lives of their people."
South Korea's Unification Ministry, which is responsible for relations with the North, issued a statement saying South Korea will act "calmly and firmly" and will make its best efforts to secure the safety of South Koreans at Kaesong.
North Korea has threatened to fire nuclear missiles at the U.S. and claimed it had scrapped the 1953 armistice that ended fighting in the Korean War. Last week it told foreign diplomats based in Pyongyang that it will not be able to guarantee their safety as of Wednesday. Embassy workers appeared to be staying put. There have also been worries in Seoul of an even larger provocation from Pyongyang, including another possible nuclear test or rocket launch.
The barrage of North Korean threats has made North Korea increasingly isolated. China, its most important ally, expressed unusual disappointment when Pyongyang announced last week that it was restarting a plutonium reactor to produce more nuclear-bomb fuel.
Even before Monday's announcement, Pyongyang had been allowing operations at the Kaeson complex to wither. Last month it cut the communications with South Korea that had helped regulate border crossings at Kaesong, and last week it barred South Korean workers and cargo from entering North Korea.
Operations had continued and South Koreans already at Kaesong were allowed to stay, but dwindling personnel and supplies had forced about a dozen of the more than 120 companies operating at Kaesong before North Koreans were told to stop working there.
North Korea briefly restricted the heavily fortified border crossing at Kaesong in 2009, but manufacturers fear the current closure could last longer.
South Korea's Unification Ministry estimates 53,000 North Korean workers in Kaesong received $80 million in salary in 2012, an average of $127 a month paid in U.S. dollars. The Unification Ministry says Kaesong accounted for nearly all two-way trade between the Koreas. Cross-border trade, including supplies entering Kaesong and finished products coming out, approached $2 billion annually.
North Korea objects to portrayals in the South of the zone being crucial to the impoverished country's finances. Kim said North Korea "gets few economic benefits from the zone while the south side largely benefits from it." North Korea has also expressed outrage over South Korean discussion of military rescue plans in the event Pyongyang held the managers hostage.
___
Associated Press writer Hyung-Jin Kim contributed to this report.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/factories-ran-korean-cooperation-silent-022521784--finance.html
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Rutgers commissioning review of basketball scandal
Rutgers University President Robert Barchi announces he accepted the resignation of athletic director Tim Pernetti, Friday, April 5, 2013, in New Brunswick, N.J. The Rutgers men's basketball scandal claimed two more university officials on Friday, including Pernetti and John B. Wolf, an interim senior vice president, who were involved in a decision to "rehabilitate" rather than fire basketball coach Mike Rice whose abusive behavior was captured on a video. On Thursday, assistant coach Jimmy Martelli resigned. Barchi's position appears to be safe. Pernetti dismissed Rice on Wednesday. (AP Photo/Mel Evans)
Rutgers University President Robert Barchi announces he accepted the resignation of athletic director Tim Pernetti, Friday, April 5, 2013, in New Brunswick, N.J. The Rutgers men's basketball scandal claimed two more university officials on Friday, including Pernetti and John B. Wolf, an interim senior vice president, who were involved in a decision to "rehabilitate" rather than fire basketball coach Mike Rice whose abusive behavior was captured on a video. On Thursday, assistant coach Jimmy Martelli resigned. Barchi's position appears to be safe. Pernetti dismissed Rice on Wednesday. (AP Photo/Mel Evans)
NEWARK, N.J. (AP) ? Rutgers University announced Monday that it's commissioning an independent review of the conduct of fired basketball coach Mike Rice and the way the university handled the situation when it learned that he was kicking and shoving players and berating them with gay slurs in practice.
The review ensures that the saga will not end quickly or quietly.
A video of Rice's behavior was made public last week, more than five months after it was given to the university, which initially decided to suspend the coach, fine him and send him to anger-management counseling.
After it became public, the university fired Rice. Athletic director Tim Pernetti resigned and so did a university lawyer who had advised him and an assistant basketball coach. Some faculty members and others have also called for university President Robert Barchi to step down, though he's received support from the school's Board of Governors and Gov. Chris Christie.
The scandal has prompted the FBI to investigate whether a former Rutgers basketball employee tried to extort money from the university before recording practices at which Rice was seen pushing and otherwise belittling players, a person familiar with the investigation told The Associated Press.
Rutgers said its Board of Governors will meet Thursday to discuss hiring the independent adviser to review the case.
Also Monday, board chairman Ralph Izzo said that one board member ? athletics committee chairman Mark P. Hershhorn ? had seen the video in December. Izzo said that it was not shown to other members and while the topic of the coach's conduct was discussed at a committee meeting in December, it was not discussed at the whole-board meeting that month. The university did not immediately respond to a request to interview Hershhorn.
On Monday, Barchi is scheduled to hold a town hall meeting that had been planned for last week but was postponed after a video surfaced showing Rice pushing players, throwing basketballs at them and berating them with invectives, including gay slurs.
The meeting was meant to address the sweeping plan to re-organize the state's higher education system, a priority of Gov. Chris Christie that the state legislature signed off on last year. The New Jersey Assembly will hold a budget hearing that will address the plan at the school Tuesday.
The goal, Barchi and state officials say, is to make Rutgers competitive with elite public institutions including the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Michigan and the University of Virginia. Strengthening the school would also bring in more tuition from out-of-state students who are charged more.
Barchi, a neurologist, was hired to help implement the transition and oversee a meshing of Rutgers and the state's University of Medicine and Dentistry. Some members of Rutgers' board of governors have expressed concern over the merger, because Rutgers would absorb $500 in the medical school's debt. The merger could cost up to $75 million, Barchi said in December.
Some say Barchi's plans for the university shortchange the school's campuses in Camden in Newark.
Rutgers has three campuses: Camden, Newark and New Brunswick. Faculty and students here fear that Barchi wants to turn New Brunswick ? where its sports teams are based, along with neighboring Piscataway? into a flagship campus, diverting resources from the other two. There is already a proposal to merge the Newark and Camden law schools and move strong research institutions to New Brunswick.
The three campuses have been designated with different missions: New Brunswick is research, Camden is service and Newark is diversity.
Diversity has been an important issue at Rutgers since the 2010 suicide of a student who learned his roommate had used a webcam to watch him kiss another man in his dorm. Faculty members calling for Barchi's ouster cited Rice's use of gay slurs in the video ? and the school president's decision not the fire Rice immediately ? as indicative of Barchi's lack of commitment to diversity.
Some critics claim Rutgers wants to minimize one of the nation's most diverse campuses.
"There is institutional antagonism toward minority students," said Beryl Satter, a professor of history at Rutgers-Newark.
Some here complained that under the restructuring law each campus will have a separate line item in the state budget, something that could potentially funnel funding away from Camden and Newark and to New Brunswick.
"It's like Robin Hood in reverse," Satter said.
Satter and other professors held their own town hall meeting Thursday after Barchi pulled out, urging students to attend a budget hearing Tuesday on the merger and speak up about cuts.
Satter is among the professors who have signed a petition calling for Barchi's job.
H. Bruce Franklin, the John Cotton Dana Professor of English and American Studies at Rutgers-Newark, signed the petition and worries that the merger may set off competition between the campuses, which have previously worked well together.
"They're siphoning off funds for big time athletics and other things in New Brunswick," Franklin said.
___
Associated Press reporter Geoff Mulvihill contributed to this report.
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News in Brief: Rising carbon dioxide means more air turbulence
News in Brief: Rising carbon dioxide means more air turbulence
More jarring flights are likely, simulation suggests
Web edition: April 8, 2013
More jarring flights are likely, simulation suggests
By Erin Wayman
Web edition: April 8, 2013
BUMPY FUTURE
Air turbulence (red patch) over the North Atlantic may become stronger and more frequent in a world with twice as much atmospheric carbon dioxide (right) compared with preindustrial times (left).
Credit: P. Williams/Univ. of Reading
The friendly skies are becoming the bumpy skies. As carbon dioxide emissions increase, so too will the prevalence and power of the turbulence that strikes fear in the hearts of white-knuckled airline passengers, a new computer simulation suggests.
Paul Williams of the University of Reading in England and Manoj Joshi of the University of East Anglia in England simulated air turbulence at cruising altitudes for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe during winter. Moderate to severe turbulence would be 40 to 170 percent more frequent in a world that had twice as much atmospheric CO2 as preindustrial times did, the researchers report April 8 in Nature Climate Change. That?s a threshold that Earth could surpass by 2050. Changes in turbulence are probably linked to alterations in the fast-moving air currents known as the jet streams, the researchers say. Previous work suggests that the jet streams should shift north and strengthen as the climate warms in response to rising CO2 concentrations.
The intensified turbulence, Williams and Joshi warn, may force airlines to develop more convoluted flight paths that avoid turbulent regions. The result would be longer plane rides, greater fossil fuel consumption and the release of even more CO2.
Citations
P.D. Williams and M.M. Joshi. Intensification of winter transatlantic aviation turbulence in response to climate change. Nature Climate Change. Published online April 8, 2013. doi: 10.1038/nclimate1866. [Go to]
Suggested Reading
M. Cevallos. Quantum whirls. Science News. Vol. 179, March 12, 2011, p. 20. [Go to]
L. Sanders. Taming turbulence from afar. Science News. Vol. 178, July 31, 2010, p. 7. [Go to]
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Saturday, April 6, 2013
PFT: Revis not optimistic about trade possibilities
Getty ImagesThere?s a common belief that the pending concussion litigation against the NFL ultimately will result only in the lawyers making money.
The so-called expert witnesses likely will, too.
Often overlooked in complex litigation involving esoteric medical knowledge and jargon is the fact that the men and women who have the education and experience to share that knowledge and jargon with a judge and a jury get paid a lot of money.
That reality routinely results in a blurring of ethical lines.? According to Steve Fainaru and Mark Fainaru-Wada of ESPN.com, Dr. Robert Cantu previously served as a senior adviser to the NFL?s Head, Neck and Spine committee ? but he also has consulted with the lawyers who are suing the NFL on behalf of thousands of former players.
?It was an informational session, just like I get paid to give a talk someplace else,? Cantu said of a February 2012 presentation to the lawyers representing the players.? He also justified working for the players suing the league by explaining that the NFL could hire him to serve as an expert witness, which would block from him talking to those suing the league.
?If [the NFL] wanted to put me on their payroll, to defend their case, then I?m not gonna say boo about those issues [to the plaintiffs],? said Cantu, who gets $800 per hour for legal services, $5,000 for depositions, and $8,000 per day for trial testimony.
Cantu?s attitude underscores one of the biggest problems with the litigation industry.? Many experts aren?t necessarily motivated by the pursuit of justice but by the supplementation of their total income with the exorbitant fees they charge.? And since there?s plenty of discretion to be exercised when telling the truth, their testimony often can be molded to help whichever side of a case hires them first.
Here?s a concrete example, for those of you who are still awake.
Eleven years ago, I represented a former employee of a major U.S. low-cost big-box retailer who had been forced to take an alcohol test under circumstances that, as the jury concluded, didn?t justify an invasion of the employee?s privacy rights via the drawing of a blood sample.? The case included testimony from an expert witness who had been hired by the employer to justify the conclusion, based on the blood-alcohol concentration measured by the test, that the employee had indeed been intoxicated at work.
On cross-examination, I confronted the expert witness with a passage from a written report on the issue of blood-alcohol testing.? In the report, the author expressed concern about the reliability of efforts to use blood-alcohol measurements to determine a person?s BAC at an earlier point in time.
I read the sentence to the expert witness, and I asked the expert witness if he agreed with the statement.
He said, ?No.?
So I read it to him again, slowly.? I asked him if he agreed with that statement.
Again, he said, ?No.?
So I handed him the report, showed him the first page of it, and asked him to tell the judge and the jury who had written the report.
The expert witness, after taking a gulp, said his own name.
And that?s pretty much all I ever needed to know about the world of expert witnesses.
Source: http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2013/04/05/revis-not-optimistic-trade-gets-done/related/
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California courts familiar with gay parent issues
SAN FRANCISCO ? When the California Supreme Court struck down a same-sex marriage ban in 2008,? the majority ruling reflected a series of decisions the court had already reached in disputes involving gay parents.
Gay rights lawyers said this week that those cases were critical to the court?s historic marriage ruling ? later partly overturned by Proposition 8 ? and lamented the fact that the U.S. Supreme Court has little experience in dealing with gay family litigation.
?The U.S. Supreme Court has never decided a lesbian or gay parenting case,? said Jon W. Davidson, legal director of Lambda Legal. ?And it?s really important for them to be understanding that same-sex couples have children ?.. and to be thinking about actual children, as opposed to hypothetical children.?
In one case, California?s? high court considered the parental rights of a woman who donated her eggs to her partner,? who was artificially inseminated and gave birth to twins. The gestational mother was infertile, and the genetic mother had a diseased uterus.
That case brought to the court?s attention the myriad ways gay couples were having children.
One same-sex male couple each donated sperm to a surrogate, who bore twins.? Later tests show that each man had fathered one of the twins.
Another male couple mixed their sperm and never tried to find out who was the actual genetic father.
The California Supreme Court also resolved a child support dispute between two women who had three children together. One woman bore one of the children, the other the other two. Both women nursed all three, and the children took the hyphenated last names of both partners.
?A number of state courts, including the California Supreme Court, have been dealing with LGBT family issues for over a decade,?? said Kate Kendell, executive director for the National Center for Lesbian Rights. ?They feel much more comfortable with the issues and are farther along in their understanding of the interrelationship of the law to these families than the Supreme Court.?
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Source: http://queerplanet.net/2013/04/06/california-courts-familiar-with-gay-parent-issues/
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Gaming Made Me: Another World | Rock, Paper, Shotgun
By Adam Smith on April 5th, 2013 at 9:00 pm.
Another World?s 20th Anniversary Edition is now available on Steam. In 1992, when I first played it, discovering something so beautiful and strange contained on two disks seemed like an act of science fiction in itself, and realising that I can now download the entire thing in about four seconds is astonishing. Eric Chahi?s enduring voyage is a masterwork of visual communication and companionship, and it has grown in my memory over the two decades since its original release.
The first time I picked up the gun, I felt like I?d reached into the bulbous screen attached to my friend?s dusty Amiga. The object was on the ground, a dead alien?s loot drop but before such banalities, and the thrust of the skinny arm that grabbed it was seen from my perspective, the side-on view cutting for a brief moment of immersion that was book-ended by a tiny but noticeable pause as the computer processed this glimpse of the future.
Little did I know that I?d spend a great deal of the next twenty years picking up and firing weapons from a first-person perspective, and a much smaller portion of time exploring other worlds. Some of the weapons I collected later in my gaming life would spin and float just above the ground, others would flash and flicker to draw attention to themselves ? the vast majority would make it very clear, one way or the other, that they were the most important part of the worlds they inhabited. Levels are often designed around the guns they contain, whether to demonstrate the firing of them, be they shotgun or sniper rifle, or to secure them, tucked away in mazes or behind locked doors. Guns are the prizes at the centre of too many labyrinths.
In Another World, I wasn?t collecting the gun because it was bigger and more bombastic than the sixteen others I had rammed up my inventory. I didn?t have an inventory beyond the pockets of my jeans and whatever could be held in my two hands. The gun, despite its ability to create energy shields and reduce living creatures to ash and bone, was valuable because it was the only means of fighting back against the unknown. I would have gladly taken a cudgel or a fork. Until that point I?d been pursued, devoured punctured and imprisoned, and discovering the means to fight back changed the emotional state and rhythm of the game, from the twitching back and forth of the hunt to the screen-flipping staccato spit of instantaneous laser death.
If I were to pick through my collection of favourite games, many could broadly be described as ?immersive, first-person things of one sort or another?; in that category I include the likes of System Shock, Thief, S.T.A.L.K.E.R. and Frictional?s fine work. I?d stretch to the gun-focused but distraction-packed dust, sand and danger of Far Cry?s various locales as well, but there are few side-scrolling (or flip-screen) games that have successfully drawn me into a credible environment. Another World, with that teasing early tangent into first-person, is one.
Playing now, the game quickly and neatly divides into a collection of short activities, none of which require instruction but many of which require repetition to perfect. Although the individual components are lethal, rapid, and rely on timing and the sort of predictive powers that only memory and reincarnation can provide, Another World is no Dragon?s Lair. The actions performed by the ludicrously named Lester Knight Chaykin are directly and clearly related to the player?s input ? he is a fluid and elegant avatar rather than a series of stubborn storyboard sequences.
Anyone who has played the game must surely remember the beast as one of gaming?s most memorable monsters? The cutscene in which it is first encountered is a masterpiece of minimalism ? eyes red, teeth white, shape as black as emptiness, the thing pounces into position and looks directly at the player. The animation lasts for less than five seconds and tells the entire story. You?re alone, you?re lost, fuck knows what this thing is, but it?s hungry or angry or both and it is RIGHT THERE.
Before the face-to-face meeting, the background holds the tale. The beast is there from the start, scrambling and leaping as it stalks Lester. It always ensures that it?s one step (or screen) ahead, a hint of the pursuit to come, which defies the left-to-right commandment that is as natural a part of gaming as end credits that scroll from bottom to top. Fleeing from the beast, covering ground already trodden and moving away from your unknown goal (escape? to where?), which MUST SURELY BE TO THE RIGHT, is disconcerting. It?s Braid?s untwisting knot, Kiss Me Deadly?s inversion of the credit sequence and Seven?s moodier adoption of the same. Another World uses visual cues to teach, to tell its story and to convey mystery.
It?s a happy coincidence that I didn?t first meet the game under its alternate title, Out Of This World, because it?s the wrong title. Lester?s world, shown in the game?s introductory and most indulgent non-interactive sequence, is not THIS world. It?s already another, in which scientists perform dimension-tearing experiments and own sports cars. The most warming trace of the familiar is Lester?s appearance, his shock of hair and everyday clothes, the way that his every movement is a convincing recreation of the somewhat cumbersome and yet remarkable human form.
The opening chase, capture and escape are the moments that live strongest in my memory. Weird, wonderful, full of threat and subversively educational without featuring a single tutorial or button prompt. If you don?t swim to the surface when you find yourself inexplicably transported into a tendril-haunted fathom, you die. If you don?t kick out at or jump over the alien ooze-slugs that litter the landscape, you die. If you don?t run, you die. Another World teaches by killing but every death contains a clue for the next attempt, sometimes by forcing a change of direction, sometimes by suggesting an entirely new approach.
Another World?s makes the player try and try again, often failing and not always failing better. But the beauty of the game isn?t only in the environments and character designs, which would be lauded as artistic marvels if they appeared now, it?s also in the ways that it communicates the reasons to care and to go on. Alec recognised Bioshock: Infinite?s Elizabeth as ?perhaps the best FPS companion character since Alyx Vance? and the time that has lapsed between the two is telling. Games have not tackled companionship well, which is one reason why the term ?escort mission? exists and is a warning flag, and also perhaps one reason for the desirability of cooperative play.
Eric Chahi created one of gaming?s greatest companions more than twenty years ago, an alien being who communicated through gestures and a small lexicon of syllabic barks and encouragements. Like an all-but silent film, Another World doesn?t waste its close ups or its perspective switches. There is value wrung from every precious byte and hour of work, and for all of the frustrations its crueller screens contain, its controlled elegance remains, and the many methods by which it communicates its intent and credible strangeness to the player are as potent a lesson as ever.
Another World: 20th Anniversary Edition is available now but was the catalyst for these thoughts rather than the focus of them. I?m very much writing about Another World: 0th Anniversary Edition.
Source: http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2013/04/05/gaming-made-me-another-world/
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LIFE AS A HUMAN ? What Is Colorectal Cancer
Here it is, the end of Colorectal Cancer Awareness month and I?m amazed that there isn?t more actual awareness out there. Unlike breast cancer which has huge support with walks, runs, fundraisers and products with pink ribbons on it; you don?t hear much about colorectal cancer. It?s an embarrassing subject for a lot of people but it?s one of the cancers that has a 90% prevention rate if detected early, so let?s start talking!
The National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC) recognizes Colorectal Cancers (CRC) as the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of death from cancer for both Canadian men and women. The statistics are scary and we should take heed:
- 423 Canadians, on average, are diagnosed with CRC every week.
- 175 Canadians, on average, die of this disease every week.
- One in 14 men is expected to develop CRC during his lifetime and one in 27 will die of it.
- One in 15 women is expected to develop CRC during her lifetime and one in 31 will die of it.1
The thing is that CRC is a highly treatable cancer if it is detected early and it is up to 90 per cent preventable with timely and thorough testing or ?CRC screening?. Unfortunately as it stands today, nearly half of those diagnosed find out too late.
?First off, we need to define what colon cancer actually is. The majority of the time it starts out as benign growths in the lining of the colon called polyps. Over the years, these polyps grow in size and number which increases the risk that the cells in the polyps will become cancerous. Timely removal of these growths ? easily done during a colonoscopy ? will prevent colon cancer from developing. Polyp removal is usually done during a colonoscopy and the patient is sedated during the procedure. Recovery is very quick and usually pain-free. Polyps are sent for a biopsy and tested for any malignancies.
?The next question to address is what causes colon cancer. There is no single cause for developing it but there are some people who are considered to be at higher risk than the general population and they include:
- People with a family history of CRC. If you have a first degree relative (parent, sibling, aunt, uncle, and grandparent) with colon cancer, you should get tested 10 years before his/her age of diagnosis. If he/she was diagnosed at 48, you should be tested when you are 38 years old.
- People who have already been diagnosed with polyps or early stage colon cancer.
- People who have inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn?s disease).
- People with a family history of inherited breast cancer, uterine or ovarian cancer.
- Middle-aged people, 50 years and over.
- People with a low fibre diet.
If you are at higher risk, you should talk to your doctor about being screened as soon as possible.
The symptoms of CRC can be confusing because they are not unique to the condition, as you can see from the list below. Many people diagnosed have never had any symptoms or early warning signs. So it?s important to check with your healthcare practioner if you suspect a problem.
- Blood in or on the stool (either bright red or very dark in colour)
- A persistent change in normal bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation or both, for no apparent reason
- Frequent or constant cramps if they last for more than a few days
- Stools that are narrower than usual
- General stomach discomfort (bloating, fullness and/or cramps)
- Frequent gas pains
- A strong and continuing need to move your bowels, but with little stool
- A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
- Weight loss for no known reason
- Constant tiredness
Fibre can be a key to prevention
If your diet contains too much high fat and red meats with little fiber, you are definitely at a high risk of developing colon cancer. Fat accumulates on the walls of the intestine and rectum, forming lumps of dead cells. Long-term high consumption of red and processed meat increases the risk of rectal and colon cancer. Eating a lot of preserved meats such as salami, bacon, cured ham and hot dogs could increase the risk of bowel cancer by 50 percent.2
On the other hand, fibre can do the opposite. One of the key factors in the prevention of colon cancer is to ensure that you are getting enough fibre each day. According to a recent study, in populations with low average intake of dietary fibre, an approximate doubling of total fibre intake from foods could reduce the risk of colorectal cancer by 40%.3?That?s significant!
Why is fibre so important? It is the janitor for your body. It will soak up and sweep toxins out of your body; it will sweep away debris and give your colon something to work against to keep it strong and healthy.
There are 2 types of fibre, soluble and insoluble. Soluble fibre can be partially digested and may help to reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood. It also lowers blood cholesterol and delays gastrointestinal transit time which helps digestive issues. Good sources of soluble fibre include oats, beans, legumes, oranges, grapefruit, apples, flax seeds and nuts.
Insoluble fibre is fibre that the body can?t digest and so it passes through the gut like a broom and sweeps away debris and toxic waste. Insoluble fibre helps to keep bowels healthy and assists in the reduction of constipation. It also helps to control the pH balance in the intestines and helps protect against colon cancer. Good sources of insoluble fibre are dark green leafy vegetables, green beans, cabbage, carrots, Brussels sprouts, seeds, nuts, the skins of fruits and Brussels sprouts.
Whole grains are a good source of fibre but with the rise in the rates gluten intolerance it?s important to know which grains are gluten free. Here are a few good choices: amaranth, buckwheat, corn meal (organic), flax seed, chia seed, millet, oats (make sure they are non-contaminated), quinoa and rice (brown and wild are best).
How much fibre should we aim for each day? 30-40 grams for adults, and for kids, you take their age and add 5. So even a 2 year old needs 7 grams of fibre a day for good colon health.
There is a great website called www.nutritiondata.com that can help you to determine how much fibre is in your food and you can make better choices to increase your fibre through your everyday diet. If you are still having issues getting the fibre in, there are lots of good fibre supplements at your health food store. Look for one that has both soluble and insoluble fibre. Flax based is best and some supplements even include healing ingredients like l-glutamine, marshmallow root and slippery elm bark.
Colon cancer doesn?t develop overnight so don?t wait until you notice the symptoms of colon cancer before starting to adopt healthy habits. Eat a healthy diet and take supportive supplements when needed, exercise, have an adequate amount of sleep and do a yearly colon cleanse.
_____
1 Colon Cancer Canada. Fast Facts on Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Available: http://coloncancercanada.ca/fast-facts-on-colorectal-cancer-crc/. Last accessed 18 March 2013.?
2 Sahelian, Ray . (2010). Colon Cancer: Natural Treatment and Prevention with Diet, Food, Vitamins, Supplements and Herbs. Available: http://www.raysahelian.com/coloncancer.html. Last accessed 31 Aug 2013.
?3 Bingham, SA, et al . (2003). Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study.. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12737858. Last accessed 18 March 2013.
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Blurry picture of gurney and Bowl of Cereal from Microsoft Office Clipart Collection
?Guest Author Bio
Caroline Farquhar, R.H.N., B.A.
For years Caroline suffered with numerous health issues, had chronic digestive problems and was always tired with low energy. Conventional medicine was not helping and that was when Caroline took matters into her own hands. She went back to school, learned as much as she could about how to heal the body naturally and learned that the ?best defence is a good offence?. Being healthy is all about prevention of disease and illness. Give the body what it needs to take care of itself naturally and you will not be spending time in a doctor?s office. She is happier and healthier now than when she was in her 20?s.
Specializing in digestive care and cleansing, Caroline has been educating audiences through seminars, TV and radio appearances across the country on the topic of how to achieve better health naturally. Caroline has written and published articles for magazines and websites, has created educational
programs and teaches at the Canadian School of Natural Nutrition.
In addition to being a Registered Holistic Nutritionist, Caroline also holds a Psychology Degree from Carleton University, and:
- Is a regular guest speaker on radio shows across the country
- Frequently lectures across Canada on Digestive Care, Cleansing and Detoxification
- Author of several articles published on-line
- Director of Education for Renew Life Canada
- Taught at the Canadian School of Natural Nutrition
Blog / Website:?Renew Life
Caroline?s company on?Facebook
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Friday, April 5, 2013
Don't call it vaporware: Scientists use cloud of atoms as optical memory device
Apr. 3, 2013 ? Talk about storing data in the cloud. Scientists at the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Maryland have taken this to a whole new level by demonstrating* that they can store visual images within quite an ethereal memory device -- a thin vapor of rubidium atoms. The effort may prove helpful in creating memory for quantum computers.
Their work builds on an approach developed at the Australian National University, where scientists showed that a rubidium vapor could be manipulated in interesting ways using magnetic fields and lasers. The vapor is contained in a small tube and magnetized, and a laser pulse made up of multiple light frequencies is fired through the tube. The energy level of each rubidium atom changes depending on which frequency strikes it, and these changes within the vapor become a sort of fingerprint of the pulse's characteristics. If the field's orientation is flipped, a second pulse fired through the vapor takes on the exact characteristics of the first pulse -- in essence, a readout of the fingerprint.
"With our paper, we've taken this same idea and applied it to storing an image -- basically moving up from storing a single 'pixel' of light information to about a hundred," says Paul Lett, a physicist with JQI and NIST's Quantum Measurement Division. "By modifying their technique, we have been able to store a simple image in the vapor and extract pieces of it at different times."
It's a dramatic increase in the amount of information that can be stored and manipulated with this approach. But because atoms in a vapor are always in motion, the image can only be stored for about 10 milliseconds, and in any case the modifications the team made to the original technique introduce too much noise into the laser signal to make the improvements practically useful. So, should the term vaporware be applied here after all? Not quite, says Lett -- because the whole point of the effort was not to build a device for market, but to learn more about how to create memory for next-generation quantum computers.
"What we've done here is store an image using classical physics. However, the ultimate goal is to store quantum information, which a quantum computer will need," he says. "Measuring what the rubidium atoms do as we manipulate them is teaching us how we might use them as quantum bits and what problems those bits might present. This way, when someone builds a solid-state system for a finished computer, we'll know how to handle them more effectively."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Jeremy B Clark, Quentin Glorieux, Paul D Lett. Spatially addressable readout and erasure of an image in a gradient echo memory. New Journal of Physics, 2013; 15 (3): 035005 DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/15/3/035005
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/matter_energy/physics/~3/caDEXIsffb0/130404092829.htm
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HBT: Kuroda KO'd by liner, Red Sox down Yanks
For the Yankees to have much of a chance this year, they?re going to have to rack up their runs without hitting a bunch of homers.
Their biggest rivals are showing them how its done.
On a bitterly cold Wednesday night in the Bronx, the Red Sox amassed 11 singles and two doubles to beat the Yankees 7-4. In two games, they?ve scored 15 runs without the benefit of a home run, and they?re now 2-0 for the first time since 1999.
Yankees starter Hiroki Kuroda already seemed to be in the midst of an off night when he had the top of his fingers grazed by Shane Victorino?s liner through the middle in the top of the second. He remained in, but faced just four more batters, hitting two of them and walking another. He was then removed with an injury with the Yankees down 2-0.
The Red Sox added on from there, scoring four times off Cody Eppley in the third. The Yankees, meanwhile, totaled just one run in seven innings off Clay Buchholz. It was quite a change from the last time they saw him; last October 2, the Yankees torched Buchholz for eight runs in 1 2/3 innings, taking his season ERA from 4.22 to 4.56.
The Yankees did come back with three runs in the eighth on a line-drive homer from Vernon Wells off Alfredo Aceves. Still, it was too little, too late.
The Red Sox went out of their way to improve the clubhouse atmosphere over the winter, and while it?d be rather ridiculous to say that it?s paid off after two games, they have put together a couple of really impressive team efforts. Every Red Sox starter except Will Middlebrooks collected a hit tonight. The seven runs were driven in by six different players and scored by six different players. The one guy to score twice was Jackie Bradley Jr., who picked up his first major league hit when he singled in the sixth.
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Thursday, April 4, 2013
Wednesday, April 3, 2013
An inside look at carnivorous plants
Apr. 2, 2013 ? When we imagine drama playing out between predators and prey, most of us picture stealthy lions and restless gazelle, or a sharp-taloned hawk latched on to an unlucky squirrel. But Ben Baiser, a post-doctoral fellow at the Harvard Forest and lead author of a new study in Oikos, thinks on a more local scale. His inter-species drama plays out in the humble bogs and fens of eastern North America, home to the carnivorous pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. "It's shocking, the complex world you can find inside one little pitcher plant," says Baiser.
A pitcher plant's work seems simple: their tube-shaped leaves catch and hold rainwater, which drowns the ants, beetles, and flies that stumble in.
But the rainwater inside a pitcher plant is not just a malevolent dunking pool. It also hosts a complex system of aquatic life, including wriggling mosquito, flesh fly, and midge larvae; mites; rotifers; copepods; nematodes; and multicellular algae. These tiny organisms are crucial to the pitcher plant's ability to process food. They create what scientists call a 'processing chain': when a bug drowns in the pitcher's rainwater, midge larvae swim up and shred it to smaller pieces, bacteria eat the shredded pieces, rotifers eat the bacteria, and the pitcher plant absorbs the rotifers' waste.
But that's not the whole story. Fly larvae are also eating the rotifers, midge larvae, and each other, and everybody eats bacteria. It's a complex food web that shifts on the order of seconds.
Aaron Ellison, a co-author on the new study and senior ecologist at the Harvard Forest, says the pitcher plant food web is an ideal model for understanding larger food webs -- with top predators like wolves -- that change over a longer period of time. He points out, "With pitcher plants, you can hold the whole food web in your hand. The vast number of pitcher plants in one bog provide endless opportunities for detailed experiments on how food webs work, not only in pitcher plants, but also in bigger ecosystems that are harder to manipulate, like ponds, lakes, or oceans."
With funding from the National Science Foundation, the research team traveled to bogs in British Columbia, Quebec City, and Georgia -- the full extent of the plant's range -- to analyze the aquatic food webs from 60 pitcher plants. They found 35 different types of organisms inside, with a large contingent of bacteria counting as just one type. Then, says Baiser, "We wanted to know: how did we get different food webs in individual pitchers from the same species pool? What caused these food webs to form the way they did?"
A few well-established scientific models predict how food webs form based on a ranked system of ecosystem factors. For the Oikos study, Baiser and his team checked their real-world observations against those models. He explains: "Say you've got a bunch of lakes. And you've got a big bucket holding all the species that can live in those lakes. When you dump out the bucket, which creatures end up in which lake? What matters more: the size of the lake, or the fact that predator species X is there, too? Or is it random? Those models help us tease those factors apart."
According to the Oikos study, the way pitcher plant food webs assemble is not random. In fact, it seems the predator-prey interactions are of key importance. "You take out one species, and that affects everything else," says Baiser.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Harvard University.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Benjamin Baiser, Hannah L. Buckley, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Aaron M. Ellison. Predicting food-web structure with metacommunity models. Oikos, 2013; 122 (4): 492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.00005.x
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/2cXLa5Hc0hY/130402182653.htm
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Lindsay Lohan Dons Bikini In Brazil: Rehab-Bound Star Flaunts Her Curves & Bruises (PHOTOS)
No, Lindsay Lohan is not pregnant (duh), but she is boasting a heck of a lot of bruises.
The troubled 26-year-old actress has been spending her days in Brazil, before she has to head off to court-ordered rehab for 90 days. On Monday, photographers snapped photos of Lohan soaking up the sun in a blue bikini that revealed some nasty bruises.
It's not clear how the "Mean Girls" star got the bruises in the first place, though TMZ suggests it might be due to her little stunt the other night when she ducked under a table at a nightclub. It's totally possible, but given that Lohan is naturally fair-skinned it's likely that she bruises easily. At least the marks on her leg don't look nearly as painful as the massive bruise on her arm she was sporting in January. Ouch. Seriously, ouch.
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